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Log books and the law of storms: maritime meteorology and the British Admiralty in the Nineteenth Century

机译：日志和风暴法：海洋气象学和19世纪的英国海军部

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This paper contributes to debates about the relationship between science and the military by examining the British Admiralty’s participation in meteorological projects in the first half of the nineteenth century. It focuses on attempts to transform Royal Naval log books into standardized meteorological registers that would be of use to both science and the state. The paper begins with a discussion of Admiralty Hydrographer, Francis Beaufort, who promoted the use of standardized systems for the observation of the weather at sea. It then examines the application of ships’ logs to the science of storms. The paper focuses on the Army Engineer, William Reid, who studied hurricanes while stationed in Barbados and Bermuda. Reid was instrumental in persuading the Admiralty to implement a naval meteorological policy, something the Admiralty Hydrographer had struggled to achieve. The paper uses the reception and adoption of work on storms at sea to reflect on the means and ends of maritime meteorology in the mid-nineteenth century.

机译：本文通过考察19世纪上半叶英国海军部对气象项目的参与，为有关科学与军事之间关系的辩论做出了贡献。它着重于将皇家海军日志转换为标准化的气象记录的尝试，这些记录对科学和国家都有用。本文首先讨论了金钟水文学家弗朗西斯·博福特（Francis Beaufort），他提倡使用标准化系统来观测海上天气。然后，研究船舶日志在风暴科学中的应用。本文的重点是陆军工程师威廉·里德（William Reid），他在巴巴多斯和百慕大驻扎期间研究飓风。里德在说服海军部实施海军气象政策方面发挥了重要作用，这是海军部水文学家努力实现的目标。本文利用对海上风暴工作的接受和采用来反思19世纪中叶海洋气象学的手段和目的。

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Naylor, Simon;
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1. Log Books and the Law of Storms: Maritime Meteorology and the British Admiralty in the Nineteenth Century [J] . Naylor Simon Isis: An International Review Devoted to the History of Science and its Cultural Influences . 2015,第4期

机译：日志和风暴法则：19世纪的航海气象和英国金钟
2. Book Selling and Book Buying: Aspects of the Nineteenth-Century British and North American Book Trade (Book Review) [J] . Budd L. Gambee College & Research Libraries . 1979,第6期

机译：图书销售和图书购买：19世纪英国和北美图书交易的各个方面（图书评论）
3. Cultures of Sex, Laws of Difference: Age of Consent Law and the Forging of a Fraternal Contract on the Margins of the Nineteenth-Century British Empire [J] . Sheik Nafisa Essop Ecological restoration . 2020,第1期

机译：性别文化，差异定律：同意法年龄及讨论十九世纪英国帝国的边缘的兄弟契约
4. THE CHANGES IN SURVEY TEACHINGAND PRACTICE IN NINETEENTH CENTURY BRITAIN AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE [C] . Peter Collier International Cartographic Conference . 2009

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5. Bower of Books: Reading Children in Nineteenth-Century British Literature. [D] . Browning, Catherine Cronquist. 2013

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6. A surgeons private practice in the nineteenth century. Sir William Fergussons Edinburgh day books 1832-39 with some extracts from his London day books 1839-77. [O] . J B Wilson 1987

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Gustav and KnightS. (eds), British Industrial Fictions , University of Wales Press, 2000, pp. viii + 212, £14.99 pb.; BalchJack S., Lamps at High Noon , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xl + 404, $19.45 pb.; ConroyJack, A World to Win , University of Illinois Press, 2000, pp. xxxv + 348, $17.95 pb.GagnierRegenia, The Insatiability of Human Wants: Economics and Aesthetics in Market Society , University of Chicago Press, 2000, pp. 352, £10.50 pb. [O] . Paul Hyland, R. C. Richardson, Ivan Roots, 2001

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Log books and the law of storms: maritime meteorology and the British Admiralty in the Nineteenth Century

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